Wolbachia surface protein of Brugia malayi is associated with six glycolytic enzymes: fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, triosephosphate isomerase, L-lactate dehydrogenase, enolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and phosphoglycerate kinase. In A. fluviatilis embryos, glucose 6phosphate concentration follows a similar profile observed for hexokinase and pyruvate kinase activities, showing highest G6P content in W+ embryos, compared to W2 embryos. Total free glucose displayed an opposite profile, compared to G6P content, reaching the highest concentration in late embryogenesis. The neurobiological mechanism underlying the pharmacological properties of ethanol is complex and not completely elucidated. In this regard, acetaldehyde, its first metabolite, has been increasingly recognized as strongly involved in various ethanol neuropharmacological, neurobiological and behavioural effects. Despite its reputation as an aversive substance for long time, ACD possesses motivational and reinforcing properties, highlighted in rodents by different behavioural paradigms, as place conditioning and operant selfadministration; protocols which include reinstatement and conflict procedures have also been reported. Dopamine plays a prominent role in the different stages of the addiction cycle. The dopaminergic transmission represents the neurobiological substrate of the acute reinforcing properties of the drugs of abuse and of their enhanced incentive salience. However, the function of the mesolimbic DA system is severely impaired upon cessation of the chronic exposure to several drugs of abuse, including ethanol. Acute withdrawal is associated with an increase in reward thresholds in animals, a finding which mirrors the decreased activity of the mesolimbic dopamine system observed by electrophysiological recordings and in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore a decrease in the number and function of D2 receptors, observed both in animals and in humans, is consistent with the hypodopaminergic state in ethanol withdrawal, and is functionally correlated to the enhancement in drug craving, drug intake and relapse. Several reports clearly show that pharmacological properties of ACD involve the DAergic system: ACD is able to increase the neuronal firing of DA neurons in the ventral tegmental area, to stimulate DA release from their projections and to promote, in DA terminal areas, the induction of early-gene protein expression, as c-Fos, considered as a general marker of neural activity. Although this general evidence points to the involvement of mesencephalic DA neurons in ACD neuropharmacological action, the few studies exploring the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the reinforcing and addictive-like properties of oral ACD, have focused on endocannabinoid and opioid systems, while DA’s direct contribution to ACD operant drinking behaviour still remains elusive. we verify our hypothesis glucose from pyruvate.